The European Union is facing a context marked by renewed geopolitical tensions and a challenge to the global balance established since the end of the Second World War. Between Russia's assertive stance and the uncertainty of American support, it must regain strategic cohesion. Supporting Ukraine appears to be a necessity, while strengthening its position within NATO is becoming essential to guarantee collective security. The objective is clear: to build European strategic autonomy so that it can act independently and defend its interests.

The European Defence Fund has brought military spending into the EU budget, with the ambition of building a genuine continent-wide defence industry. Initially providing new impetus, it has nevertheless experienced a number of setbacks: the decline of major projects, the rise of smaller programmes and the gradual disengagement of certain Member States. A discreet industrial restructuring is underway, driven by unexpected new stakeholders. It will be particularly interesting to see what place it will be given in the new multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034.

Faced with multiple challenges – climate change, economic pressures, migration – Europe's many islands are also driving innovation, resilience and transition. Reconsidering them as driving forces rather than peripheral areas would be a lever for rethinking the future of the European project.

As hopes for peace in Ukraine seem to fade, the Kremlin is pursuing a strategy in which war is becoming a central tool of its power. Behind Vladimir Putin's statements and the ideological framework he has put forward lies a desire to strengthen internal control, reshape the historical narrative and free himself from any external pressure. The conflict is no longer being fought solely on the military front, but also in the court of public opinion, fuelled by constant propaganda and assertive nationalism. Driven by political calculations, a determination to leave a mark on history and tight control of public opinion, the Russian leadership is embarking on a dangerous course, making any resolution to the conflict increasingly uncertain.

Caught up in the offensive launched last December by Donald Trump against his northern neighbour, Canadians are now grappling with existential questions, leading them to rethink the ties that have bound them to the United States until now. America's 'betrayal' has prompted the country to question its real sovereignty and its future place in a disrupted world order. As a direct consequence of this upheaval, Europe is the focus of renewed interest within Canadian society.

Agenda

The Four Challenges facing European Defence

Unsettling shifts in the European Defence Fund

The European Union and its islands as they face today's challenges

Ukraine: Behind the Kremlin's ill will lies the risk of eternal war

Up against Trump, Canada's unlikely European destiny