Geography
Area : 78,867 km²
Borders : 1,989 km (Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km)
Capital : Prague
Official language : Czech
Flag
Population
Population : 10,738,398 (2025)
Crude natural change rate : -1.8‰ (March 2025)
Population repartition: 15.7% under 15 years old, 20.5% over 65 years old (2024)
Foreign residents: 2.1% EU nationals, 3.1% non-EU nationals (2019)
Crude net migration rate: 2.7‰ (2024)
First time asylum applicants: 1 025 (2024)
Life expectancy: men 75.6 years, women 81.8 years (2024)
Religions: Catholic 7%, Protestants et Hussite 6%, others 9.1%, none 47.8%, unspecified 30.1% (2021 est.)
Ethnic groups: Czech 57.3%, Moravian 3.4%, others 7.7%, unspecified 31.6% (2021)
Source : Eurostat
Economy
Currency: Czech Crown (CZK) (exchange rate December 2025: 1€ = 24.24 CZK)
GDP: € 318,900 million (2024)
GDP per capita (PPS): € 34,100 (2024)
GDP growth : 1% (2024)
Inflation: 2.1% (December 2025)
Public debt: 43.5% of GDP (2025)
Unemployment: : 4.6% (December 2025)
Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 68.8% of GDP (2022)
Performance sectors: automobile industry, mechanics, chemistry
Budget balance: -3% of GDP (2024)
Source : Eurostat, BNP Paribas
Political system
Republic, parliamentary democracy (Constitution of 16th December 1992)
Head of State: Petr Pavel was directly elected on 28th January 2023. He took office as President on 9th March 2023.
Head of Government: Andrej Babiš was appointed Prime Minister on December 8, 2025, two months after his far-right party ANO won the legislative elections.
Bicameral parliamentary system: The House of Deputies (Poslanecka Snemovna) comprises 200 members who are elected for four years by direct universal suffrage by proportional representation; a 5% threshold is required to gain entry into the House. The Senate comprises 81 members who are elected for six years, with a third of the Senate up for election every two years.
Political representation
Composition of the Chamber of Deputies (since October 2025):
- 80 seats – ANO 2011 (populist right)
- 52 seats – SPOLU (Civic Democratic Party)
- 22 seats – STAN (Mayors and Independents)
- 18 seats – CSP (Pirate Party)
- 15 seats – SPD (Freedom and Direct Democracy)
- 13 seats – AUTO (“Motorists” – anti-system party)
Composition of the Senate (September 2024) :
- 27 seats Group ODS-TOP09
- 18 seats Group STAN
- 13 seats Group ANO-SOCDEM
- 12 seats Group KDU-ČSL
- 6 seats Sen21 - Piráti group
- 5 non-attached seats
Women's representations
- in the government: 1/17
- in the Chamber of deputies: 67/200
- in the Senate: 17/81
Next Elections:
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