Country Sheet : Czech-republic

Information file

Last Update on 9th July 2025

CZECH-REPUBLIC

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In English - version of 9th July 2025

Geography

Area : 78,867 km²

Borders : 1,989 km (Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km)

Capital : Prague

Official language : Czech

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Population

Population : 10,738,398 (2025)

Crude natural change rate : -1.8‰ (March 2025)

Population repartition: 15.7% under 15 years old, 20.5% over 65 years old (2024)

Foreign residents: 2.1% EU nationals, 3.1% non-EU nationals (2019)

Crude net migration rate: 2.7‰ (2024)

First time asylum applicants: 1 025 (2024)

Life expectancy: men 75.6 years, women 81.8 years (2024)

Religions: Catholic 7%, Protestants et Hussite 6%, others 9.1%, none 47.8%, unspecified 30.1% (2021 est.)

Ethnic groups: Czech 57.3%, Moravian 3.4%, others 7.7%, unspecified 31.6% (2021)

Source : Eurostat

Economy

Currency: Czech Crown (CZK) (exchange rate July 2025: 1€ = 24.64 CZK)

GDP: € 318,900 million (2024)

GDP per capita (PPS): € 34,100 (2024)

GDP growth : 1% (2024)

Inflation: 2.7% (April 2025)

Public debt: 43.5% of GDP (2025)

Unemployment: 2.6% (March 2025)

Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 68.8% of GDP (2022)

Performance sectors: automobile industry, mechanics, chemistry

Budget balance: -3% of GDP (2024)

Source : Eurostat, BNP Paribas

Political system

Republic, parliamentary democracy (Constitution of 16th December 1992)

Head of State: Petr Pavel was directly elected on 28th January 2023. He took office as President on 9th March 2023.

Head of Government: Petr Fiala (ODS) was appointed Prime Minister on 28th November 2021. He leads the coalition 'Alliance Together' which includes 4 parties: the conservative liberal party (ODS), the Christian Democrats, the centre-right party TOP 09 and Mayors and Independents (STAN).

Bicameral parliamentary system: The House of Deputies (Poslanecka Snemovna) comprises 200 members who are elected for four years by direct universal suffrage by proportional representation; a 5% threshold is required to gain entry into the House. The Senate comprises 81 members who are elected for six years, with a third of the Senate up for election every two years.