Geography
Area : 30,528 km²
Borders : 1,385 km; France: 620 km, Germany: 167 km, Luxembourg: 148 km, Netherlands: 450 km
Coastline : 66.5 km
Capital : Brussels
Official language : Dutch, French, German
Flag
Population
Population : 11 883 495 inhabitants (January 2025)
Crude natural change rate : -0.20‰ (2024)
Population repartition: aged under 15 years: 16.1%(2025 est.), aged over 65%: 20.3% (2025 est.)
Foreign residents: 7.9% EU nationals, 4.4% non-EU nationals (January 2024)
Crude net migration rate: 5.9‰ (2024 est.)
First time asylum applicants: 34 355 (2025)
Life expectancy: men 80.3 years, women 84.4 years (2024 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 57.1%, Protestant 2.3%, other Christian, 2.8%, Muslim 6.8%, other 1.7%, atheist 9.1%, nonbeliever/agnostic 20.2% (2018 est.)
Source : Eurostat, MYRIA
Economy
Currency: Euro
GDP: € 642.015 billion (2025)
GDP per capita (PPS): € 53 874 (2025)
GDP growth : 1% (2025)
Inflation: 4.07% (April 2026)
Public debt: 107.9% of GDP (December 2025)
Unemployment: 6.3% (March 2026)
Public deficit: 5.2% of GDP (2025)
Stock of foreign direct investment from the entire world: 87% of GDP (2022)
Source : Eurostat, Trading Economics, Country economics
Political system
Constitutional monarchy, democracy
Head of State: King Philippe, since 21st July 2013.
Prime Minister: Bart De Wever (N-VA) was appointed Prime minister by KIng Philippe on 3rd February 2025, following the defeat of Alexander de Croo and his party (Open VLD) in the European elections of Jube 2024.
Bicameral legislative power: The House of Representatives comprises 150 members, elected for a period of 4 years The Senate comprises 60 members, also elected for 5 years, 50 of whom are elected by direct universal suffrage and 10 are co-opted
Political representation
Composition of the House of Representatives (following the June 9th 2024 elections):
- 24 seats N-VA (New Flemish Alliance)
- 20 seat Vlaams Belang (Flemish far-right party)
- 20 seats MR (Reformist Movement)
- 16 seats PS (Socialist Party)
- 15 seats PTB-PVDA (Labour Party)
- 14 seats Les Engagés (Humanist democratic centre)
- 13 seats Vooruit (Flemish socialist Party)
- 11 seats CD&V (Flemish Christian- Democratic Party)
- 9 Ecolo-GROEN (Greens)
- 7 seats Open VLD ( Flemish Liberals and Democrats)
- 1 seats DéFI (independant federalist democrat)
Composition of the Senate (in June 2024):
- 10 seats N-VA (New Flemish Alliance)
- 9 seats MR (Reformist Movement)
- 8 seats Vlaams Belang (Flemish nationalist)
- 6 seats PS (Socialist Party)
- 6 seats PTB + PVDA (Labour)
- 5 seats CD&V (flemish Christian- Democratic Party)
- 5 seats Vooruit (Flemish socialist party)
- 5 seats Les Engagés (Humanist democratic centre)
- 3 seats Ecolo-Groen (Ecologist party)
- 3 seats Open VLD (Liberal and Democrats)
Women's representations
- -in the government: 4/15
- -in the House of Representatives: 61/150
- -in the Senate: 31/60
Next Elections:
On The Same Theme
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